Analisis Transformasi Struktural dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Jawa Tengah 2021-2024
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effects of structural transformation from the agricultural sector to the industrial and service sectors, as well as economic growth, on income inequality in Central Java Province. The study employs secondary data from 15 regencies/cities during the 2021-2024 period obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS). The data were analyzed using panel data regression with the Random Effects Model (REM) based on the structural transformation framework of Chenery and Syrquin and the Kuznets Hypothesis. The results indicate that structural transformation toward the industrial sector and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on income inequality, while transformation toward the service sector has a negative but insignificant effect. GRDP per capita, as a control variable, has no significant effect on income inequality. These findings suggest the need for more equitable investment distribution, workforce quality improvement, and more inclusive development policies to reduce income inequality.
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