PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT UNTUK PENINGKATAN AKSES DAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN MENENGAH DI JAWA TENGAH
Abstract
Secondary education in Central Java faces challenges such as limited regional fiscal capacity, infrastructure disparities between regions, and low community participation in supporting education funding. Only 42% of junior high school graduates are enrolled in public senior high schools (SMA/SMK), reflecting limited access that has the potential to widen social inequality. This situation is exacerbated by uneven service quality, particularly in regions with low fiscal capacity. Public senior high schools face pressure on learning facilities, which has resulted in a decline in the quality of the learning process. On the other hand, public vocational schools face severe pressure on practical facilities due to expensive equipment and suboptimal partnerships with the business and industry (DUDI). Therefore, an alternative financing approach is needed through the Creative Financing Model, which is based on voluntary and accountable public participation. This model encourages collaboration between the government, community, school committees, and industry partners to strengthen secondary education services without violating the principle of free schools. This approach includes a voluntary, ability-based contribution scheme, vocational program sponsorship, education crowdfunding, and community social fund management through school cooperatives or waqf institutions. This financing model does not replace the role of the state, but rather strengthens it through cross-sector synergy. Implementation of Central Java Gubernatorial Regulation No. Law No. 12 of 2017 needs to be reemphasized. This regulation affirms that the community has the right and responsibility to support education voluntarily, transparently, and without burden. Optimizing the role of the School Committee is also a crucial element in bridging collaboration between schools and external stakeholders.
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